{"id":1350,"date":"2026-05-30T12:31:23","date_gmt":"2026-05-30T07:01:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/krishiparva.in\/?p=1350"},"modified":"2026-05-30T12:31:24","modified_gmt":"2026-05-30T07:01:24","slug":"the-global-heat-hammer-the-invisible-enemy-of-extreme-heat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/krishiparva.in\/index.php\/2026\/05\/30\/the-global-heat-hammer-the-invisible-enemy-of-extreme-heat\/","title":{"rendered":"\u096c\u0968 \u0926\u0936\u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0939\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0930 \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0936\u093e\u0915\u0921\u0947 \u092c\u0918\u0924\u093e\u0924 \u2014 \u0906\u0923\u093f \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e\u092e\u0947 \u0906\u0939\u0947"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u092d\u093e\u0917 \u096a: The Global Heat Hammer \u2014 \u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0947\u091a\u093e \u0905\u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0936\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0942<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0936\u094b\u0927\u092e\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e | \u0915\u0943\u0937\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u00d7 TheNews21<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0935\u093f\u091c\u092f \u0917\u093e\u092f\u0915\u0935\u093e\u0921<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0967 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0947 \u0906\u092e\u094d\u0939\u0940 \u096c\u0968 \u0926\u0936\u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0939\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0930\u091a\u093e \u090f\u0915\u094d\u0938\u092a\u094b\u091c\u0930 \u0926\u093e\u0916\u0935\u0932\u093e. \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0968 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0947 ground zero \u0909\u0932\u0917\u0921\u0932\u0947. \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0969 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0947 RAINMUMBAI \u0935\u093f\u0930\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 CIBIL \u2014 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u092d\u093e\u0902\u0921\u0935\u0932\u0936\u093e\u0939\u0940\u091a\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927\u093e\u092d\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0921\u0932\u093e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0906\u091c \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u096a \u2014 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0924 \u092d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0939. \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u092f\u093e \u0939\u0902\u0917\u093e\u092e\u093e\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u093e\u0939\u0940. \u0939\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u092a\u0941\u0922\u091a\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0926\u0936\u0915\u093e\u0902\u091a\u0947 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0926\u093e\u0916\u0935\u0924\u094b. \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0938\u093e \u0936\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0942 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0926\u093f\u0938\u0924 \u0928\u093e\u0939\u0940, \u0910\u0915\u0942 \u092f\u0947\u0924 \u0928\u093e\u0939\u0940 \u2014 \u092a\u0923 \u091c\u094b \u0939\u0933\u0942\u0939\u0933\u0942, \u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924\u092a\u0923\u0947, \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0936\u0947\u0924\u0940\u091a\u093e \u092a\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0916\u093e\u090a\u0928 \u091f\u093e\u0915\u0924\u094b\u092f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0924\u093e.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u090f\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0928\u094b \u092f\u0947\u0924\u094b \u0906\u0923\u093f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u094b. \u0907\u0930\u093e\u0923 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0947\u0932. \u091f\u094d\u0930\u092e\u094d\u092a \u091c\u0915\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u090a \u0936\u0915\u0924\u0947. \u0938\u093f\u092c\u093f\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0942 \u0936\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0924. \u092a\u0923 <strong>\u091c\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0922 \u2014 \u0924\u0940 \u092b\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u093e\u0922\u0924\u0947\u092f.<\/strong> \u0906\u0923\u093f \u0924\u093f\u091a\u093e \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0924 \u092e\u094b\u0920\u093e \u092b\u091f\u0915\u093e \u0936\u0947\u0924\u0940\u0932\u093e \u092c\u0938\u0924\u094b\u092f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">I. FAO-WMO \u0905\u0939\u0935\u093e\u0932 \u2014 \u091c\u0917\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u092f \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0917\u093f\u0924\u0932\u0947<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0968\u0968 \u090f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0932 \u0968\u0966\u0968\u096c \u0930\u094b\u091c\u0940 \u2014 \u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0926\u093f\u0928\u0940 \u2014 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u091a\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0926\u094b\u0928 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935\u093e\u091a\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0902\u0928\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0905\u0939\u0935\u093e\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0947\u0932\u093e:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>&#8220;Extreme Heat and Agriculture&#8221;<\/strong> \u2014 Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) + World Meteorological Organization (WMO)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">COP30 \u091a\u094d\u092f\u093e &#8220;Transforming Agrifood Systems through Climate Science&#8221; \u092f\u093e side event \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0926\u0930. IPCC \u091a\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 Jim Skea \u092f\u093e\u0902\u0928\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u094b\u0930\u0947\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0947\u0932\u0947 \u2014 &#8220;\u0936\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0947 \u0939\u0935\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092c\u0926\u0932\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 exposed \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0905\u0939\u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0924\u0940\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0906\u0915\u0921\u0947<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937<\/th><th>\u0906\u0915\u0921\u093e<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u0905\u0924\u093f\u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0947\u092e\u0941\u0933\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u091c\u0940\u0935\u093f\u0915\u0947\u0932\u093e \u0927\u094b\u0915\u093e<\/td><td><strong>\u0967.\u0968\u0969 \u0905\u092c\u094d\u091c \u0932\u094b\u0915<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0915\u0943\u0937\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u092e\u0917\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0902\u091a\u093e \u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0947\u092e\u0941\u0933\u0947 \u092e\u0943\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0926\u0930<\/td><td>\u0907\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e <strong>\u0969\u096b \u092a\u091f \u091c\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0968\u0966\u0968\u0967 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0930 \u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0947\u092e\u0941\u0933\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u0947\u0932\u0947\u0932\u0947 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0924\u093e\u0938<\/td><td><strong>\u096a\u096d\u0966 \u0905\u092c\u094d\u091c \u0924\u093e\u0938<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0917\u0947\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e \u096b\u0966 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0940\u0932 \u092c\u0926\u0932<\/td><td>\u0935\u093e\u0930\u0902\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u093e \u2191, \u0924\u0940\u0935\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u2191, \u0915\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0935\u0927\u0940 \u2191 \u2014 <strong>\u0924\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0922\u0932\u0947<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0905\u0939\u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e\u091a\u093e \u092e\u0942\u0933 \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u093e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0905\u0924\u093f\u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0940 \u090f\u0915\u0932 \u0906\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0928\u093e\u0939\u0940 \u2014 \u0924\u0940 <strong>risk multiplier<\/strong> \u0906\u0939\u0947. \u0924\u0940 \u0926\u0941\u0937\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0933 \u0924\u0940\u0935\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947. \u091c\u0902\u0917\u0932\u093e\u0924\u0940\u0932 \u0906\u0917\u0940 \u092d\u0921\u0915\u093e\u0935\u0924\u0947. \u0906\u0923\u093f \u090f\u0915\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 (compound) \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u2014 \u091c\u0947 \u090f\u0915\u091f\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0947\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0902\u0935\u093e \u090f\u0915\u091f\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b\u0930\u0921\u0947\u092a\u0923\u093e\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0940\u0924\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0936\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">FAO \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0915 QU Dongyu \u092e\u094d\u0939\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0947: &#8220;\u0905\u0924\u093f\u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0940 \u092a\u093f\u0915\u0947, \u092a\u0936\u0941\u0927\u0928, \u092e\u0924\u094d\u0938\u094d\u092f\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u093e\u092f \u0906\u0923\u093f \u0935\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0935\u0930 \u2014 \u0906\u0923\u093f \u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u091a\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930 \u0905\u0935\u0932\u0902\u092c\u0942\u0928 \u0905\u0938\u0932\u0947\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0935\u0930 \u0906\u0923\u093f \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0902\u0935\u0930 \u2014 \u0935\u093e\u0922\u0924\u093e \u0926\u092c\u093e\u0935 \u091f\u093e\u0915\u0924\u0947\u092f.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">II. &#8220;Hotter + Drier&#8221; \u2014 JAMSTEC \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u092f \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0917\u093f\u0924\u0932\u0947 \u0924\u0947 FAO-WMO \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0947\u0932\u0947<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0967 \u090f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0932 \u0968\u0966\u0968\u096c \u0930\u094b\u091c\u0940 JAMSTEC SINTEX-F \u0928\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0920\u0940 \u0926\u094b\u0928 \u0905\u0902\u0926\u093e\u091c \u0926\u093f\u0932\u0947:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0967. \u0938\u0930\u093e\u0938\u0930\u0940\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u090a\u0938<\/strong> \u2014 drier than normal <strong>\u0968. \u0938\u0930\u093e\u0938\u0930\u0940\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928<\/strong> \u2014 hotter than normal<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0926\u094b\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0940 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a signal-to-noise ratio \u0938\u0939 \u2014 \u092e\u094d\u0939\u0923\u091c\u0947 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0947\u0932\u0932\u093e \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>&#8220;Hotter + Drier&#8221; \u0939\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0936\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u090f\u0915\u091f\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0935\u0938\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u093f\u0915\u093e\u091a\u0947 \u0928\u0941\u0915\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u2014 \u092a\u0923 \u091c\u092e\u093f\u0928\u0940\u0924\u0940\u0932 \u0913\u0932\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0933 \u091f\u093f\u0915\u0924\u094b. \u090f\u0915\u091f\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0935\u0930 \u0924\u093e\u0923 \u092f\u0947\u0924\u094b \u2014 \u092a\u0923 \u092a\u093e\u0923\u0940 \u0905\u0938\u0947\u0932 \u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0940\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0924\u0947.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u092a\u0923 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0940 \u090f\u0915\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0906\u0932\u0947 \u0924\u0930:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u2192 \u092c\u093e\u0937\u094d\u092a\u0940\u092d\u0935\u0928 (evaporation) \u0935\u093e\u0922\u0924\u0947 \u2192 \u091c\u092e\u093f\u0928\u0940\u0924\u0940\u0932 \u0913\u0932\u093e\u0935\u093e \u091c\u0932\u0926 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0924\u094b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0915\u092e\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u090a\u0938 \u2192 \u091c\u092e\u093f\u0928\u0940\u0924 \u0928\u0935\u093e \u0913\u0932\u093e\u0935\u093e \u092f\u0947\u0924 \u0928\u093e\u0939\u0940<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092a\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0926\u0941\u0939\u0947\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0930 \u2014 \u092a\u093e\u0923\u0940 \u0928\u093e\u0939\u0940 + \u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0947\u091a\u093e \u0924\u093e\u0923<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092a\u093f\u0915\u093e\u091a\u0947 stomata \u092c\u0902\u0926 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e\u0924 \u2192 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u0938\u0902\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0925\u093e\u0902\u092c\u0924\u0947 \u2192 \u0935\u093e\u0922 \u0925\u093e\u0902\u092c\u0924\u0947<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0926\u093e\u0923\u0947 \u092d\u0930\u0923\u094d\u092f\u093e\u091a\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0935\u0927\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u094b \u2192 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0918\u091f \u0905\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Crop beta \u0939\u093e \u092b\u0915\u094d\u0924 rainfall sensitivity \u092e\u094b\u091c\u0924\u094b \u2014 heat stress \u0935\u0947\u0917\u0933\u093e.<\/strong> \u092e\u094d\u0939\u0923\u091c\u0947 IMD\/MoSPI \u091a\u0947 \u096e% \u0924\u0941\u091f\u0940\u0924 \u0969.\u0968% \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0918\u091f\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0926\u093e\u091c <strong>understated<\/strong> \u0905\u0938\u0942 \u0936\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0924 \u2014 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0947\u091a\u093e \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e \u0917\u0923\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u093e\u0939\u0940.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">FAO-WMO \u0905\u0939\u0935\u093e\u0932 \u0939\u0947\u091a \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0917\u0924\u094b: <strong>compound effects \u2014 \u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0924\u093e + \u0915\u094b\u0930\u0921\u0947\u092a\u0923\u093e \u090f\u0915\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u2014 \u0939\u0947 individual effects \u091a\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092c\u0947\u0930\u091c\u0947\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0940\u0924\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0936\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">III. \u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0947\u091a\u093e \u092a\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0935\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e \u2014 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u092f \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0917\u0924\u0947<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0917\u0939\u0942 \u2014 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u093e\u091a\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0939\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u0940\u091a \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935\u0932\u0947 \u0906\u0939\u0947. \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091a \u0968\u0966\u0968\u0968 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0947 \u0905\u092d\u0942\u0924\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0932\u093e\u091f \u2014 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u096a\u0966-\u096a\u096c\u00b0C. \u0917\u0935\u094d\u0939\u093e\u091a\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0926\u093e\u0923\u0947 \u092d\u0930\u0923\u094d\u092f\u093e\u091a\u094d\u092f\u093e (grain filling) \u0915\u093e\u0933\u093e\u0924. \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e: \u0917\u0939\u0942 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0905\u0902\u0926\u093e\u091c\u093e\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e <strong>~\u096b%<\/strong> \u0915\u092e\u0940. \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0917\u0939\u0942 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u092c\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u0932\u093e\u0926\u0932\u0940. \u091c\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0939\u0942 \u0915\u093f\u092e\u0924\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0922\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0938\u094b\u092f\u093e\u092c\u0940\u0928 \u2014 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0920\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935\u093e\u091a\u0947<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0938\u094b\u092f\u093e\u092c\u0940\u0928 \u0939\u0947 \u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0947\u0932\u093e \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u092a\u0940\u0915. Critical temperature threshold: <strong>~\u0969\u096b\u00b0C.<\/strong> \u092f\u093e\u092a\u0941\u0922\u0947:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092b\u0941\u0932\u094b\u0930\u093e \u0917\u0933\u0924\u094b (flower abortion) \u2014 \u0936\u0947\u0902\u0917\u093e \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093e\u0924<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0936\u0947\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0902\u092e\u0927\u0940\u0932 \u0926\u093e\u0923\u0947 \u092d\u0930\u0924 \u0928\u093e\u0939\u0940\u0924 (poor pod filling)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u093f\u0928\u0947 (protein) content \u0918\u091f\u0924\u094b \u2014 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0916\u0930\u093e\u092c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0924\u0947\u0932\u093e\u091a\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u2014 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0947\u0938\u0930\u0932\u093e \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0902\u092e\u0924<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u092e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0924 \u0916\u0930\u0940\u092a \u0939\u0902\u0917\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0924 (\u091c\u0942\u0928-\u0911\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094b\u092c\u0930) \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u0969\u0966-\u0969\u096b\u00b0C \u0905\u0938\u0924\u0947. \u092a\u0923 \u090f\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0928\u094b + \u091c\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0922 = <strong>\u0969\u096b-\u0969\u096e\u00b0C<\/strong> \u0926\u093f\u0935\u0938 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915. JAMSTEC \u0928\u0947 &#8220;hotter than normal&#8221; \u0905\u0902\u0926\u093e\u091c \u0926\u093f\u0932\u093e \u2014 \u092e\u094d\u0939\u0923\u091c\u0947 \u0969\u096b\u00b0C threshold \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093e\u0930\u0902\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u0913\u0932\u093e\u0902\u0921\u0932\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0908\u0932.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0915\u093e\u092a\u0942\u0938<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0915\u093e\u092a\u0938\u093e\u091a\u0947 \u092c\u094b\u0902\u0921\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0923\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0920\u0940 optimal \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928: \u0968\u096b-\u0969\u0968\u00b0C. \u0969\u096b\u00b0C \u092a\u0941\u0922\u0947:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092c\u094b\u0902\u0921\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0935 \u0917\u0933\u0924\u093e\u0924 (boll shedding)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0930\u0947\u0937\u0947\u091a\u0940 \u0932\u093e\u0902\u092c\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 (fibre quality deterioration)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0915\u0940\u0921-\u0930\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0902\u091a\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0926\u0941\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0935\u093e\u0922\u0924\u094b \u2014 \u092c\u094b\u0902\u0921 \u0905\u0933\u0940 (bollworm) \u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0947\u0924 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u092d\u093e\u0924<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u092d\u093e\u0924 \u2014 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u0903 \u092b\u0941\u0932\u094b\u0931\u094d\u092f\u093e\u091a\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0935\u0947\u0933\u0940 (anthesis) \u2014 \u0969\u096b\u00b0C \u092a\u0941\u0922\u0947:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0917\u0940\u092d\u0935\u0928 (pollination) \u0905\u092f\u0936\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u2192 \u091a\u093f\u091f\u0915\u0947 (sterile) \u0926\u093e\u0923\u0947<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u090f\u0915\u091a \u0926\u093f\u0935\u0938\u093e\u091a\u0940 \u0969\u096b\u00b0C+ \u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0924\u093e \u2192 \u0967\u0966-\u0967\u096b% sterility \u0935\u093e\u0922<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u092a\u0936\u0941\u0927\u0928 \u2014 \u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0928\u0938\u0932\u0947\u0932\u093e \u0927\u094b\u0915\u093e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">FAO-WMO \u0905\u0939\u0935\u093e\u0932 \u0936\u0947\u0924\u0940\u092a\u0932\u0940\u0915\u0921\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u094b \u2014 \u092a\u0936\u0941\u0927\u0928\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0940\u0932 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0926\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0933 \u091c\u0928\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0947: \u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0947\u092e\u0941\u0933\u0947 \u0926\u0942\u0927 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 <strong>\u0967\u0966-\u0968\u096b%<\/strong> \u0918\u091f (heat stress)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0915\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0941\u091f\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0928: \u0905\u0902\u0921\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0918\u091f, \u092e\u0943\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0926\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u0922<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092e\u0924\u094d\u0938\u094d\u092f\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0928: \u092a\u093e\u0923\u094d\u092f\u093e\u091a\u0947 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u093e\u0922\u0924\u0947 \u2192 \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093f\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u2192 \u092e\u093e\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0930\u0924\u093e\u0924<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u092e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0924 \u0926\u0942\u0927 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0939\u093e \u0936\u0947\u0924\u0915\u0931\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u091a\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928\u093e\u091a\u093e \u0926\u0941\u0938\u0930\u093e \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0924 \u092e\u094b\u0920\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924. Agricultural Statistics at a Glance 2024-25 \u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u093e\u091a\u0947 \u090f\u0915\u0942\u0923 \u0926\u0942\u0927 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 <strong>\u0968\u0969\u096f.\u0968\u0969 \u0926\u0936\u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u091f\u0928.<\/strong> \u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0947\u092e\u0941\u0933\u0947 \u0926\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0933 \u091c\u0928\u093e\u0935\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0935\u0930\u0940\u0932 \u0924\u093e\u0923 = \u0926\u0942\u0927 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0918\u091f = \u0936\u0947\u0924\u0915\u0931\u094d\u092f\u093e\u091a\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0906\u0923\u0916\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u092b\u091f\u0915\u093e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">IV. \u0936\u0947\u0924\u092e\u091c\u0942\u0930 \u2014 \u0969\u096b \u092a\u091f \u091c\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0943\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0926\u0930<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">FAO-WMO \u0905\u0939\u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0924\u0940\u0932 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0924 \u0927\u0915\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0926\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0906\u0915\u0921\u093e: <strong>\u0915\u0943\u0937\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u092e\u0917\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0902\u091a\u093e \u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0947\u092e\u0941\u0933\u0947 occupational death rate \u0907\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u091a\u094d\u092f\u093e \u090f\u0915\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0926\u0930\u093e\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0969\u096b \u092a\u091f \u091c\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0915\u093e?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0936\u0947\u0924\u092e\u091c\u0942\u0930 \u0909\u0918\u0921\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e\u0924 \u2014 \u091b\u0924 \u0928\u093e\u0939\u0940, \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932\u0928 \u0928\u093e\u0939\u0940<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0915\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091a\u0947 \u0924\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u0915\u093e\u0933\u0940 \u096e \u0924\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0915\u093e\u0933\u0940 \u096c \u2014 \u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0947\u091a\u094d\u092f\u093e peak hours \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0947<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0923\u0940 \u092a\u093f\u0923\u094d\u092f\u093e\u091a\u0940 \u0938\u094b\u092f \u0905\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u093f\u0924<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0936\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u092e \u2014 \u092a\u0947\u0930\u0923\u0940, \u0916\u0941\u0930\u092a\u0923\u0940, \u0915\u093e\u092a\u0923\u0940 \u2014 \u0938\u0917\u0933\u0947 manual<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0906\u0930\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e \u0926\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0917\u092e \u2014 heat stroke \u091d\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0924\u0930 hospital \u0915\u094b\u0938\u094b \u0926\u0942\u0930<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u091c\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0930:<\/strong> \u0968\u0966\u0968\u0967 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0947 <strong>\u096a\u096d\u0966 \u0905\u092c\u094d\u091c \u0936\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0924\u093e\u0938<\/strong> \u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0947\u092e\u0941\u0933\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u0947\u0932\u0947. \u092f\u093e\u092a\u0948\u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u0906\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0906\u0923\u093f \u0909\u092a-\u0938\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0906\u092b\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0947\u0924 \u2014 \u092e\u094d\u0939\u0923\u091c\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092f\u093e \u0906\u0915\u0921\u094d\u092f\u093e\u091a\u093e \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0924 \u092e\u094b\u0920\u093e contributor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d:<\/strong> Agricultural Statistics at a Glance 2024-25 \u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 <strong>\u0967\u096a\u096a.\u0969 \u0926\u0936\u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0936\u0947\u0924\u092e\u091c\u0942\u0930<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u093e\u0924. \u092f\u093e\u092a\u0948\u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e \u2014 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0947\u0932\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932. \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d, \u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0935\u093e\u0921\u093e, \u0924\u0947\u0932\u0902\u0917\u0923\u093e, \u0906\u0902\u0927\u094d\u0930 \u2014 \u090f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0932-\u091c\u0942\u0928\u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0947 \u096a\u096b\u00b0C+ \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u2014 \u092f\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0917\u093e\u0924\u0940\u0932 \u0936\u0947\u0924\u092e\u091c\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0902\u091a\u0947 \u0906\u0930\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0924 \u0927\u094b\u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Heat stroke vs \u0936\u0947\u0924\u0915\u0930\u0940 \u0906\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e:<\/strong> \u0906\u092a\u0923 \u0936\u0947\u0924\u0915\u0930\u0940 \u0906\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u091a\u0947 \u0906\u0915\u0921\u0947 \u092e\u094b\u091c\u0924\u094b \u2014 NCRB data, \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0932\u093e \u096a,\u0966\u0966\u0966+ \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0924. \u092a\u0923 <strong>\u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0947\u092e\u0941\u0933\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0923\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0936\u0947\u0924\u092e\u091c\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0902\u091a\u0947 \u092e\u0943\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0942<\/strong> \u2014 \u0939\u0947 \u092e\u094b\u091c\u0932\u0947\u091a \u091c\u093e\u0924 \u0928\u093e\u0939\u0940\u0924. \u0924\u0947 &#8220;\u0905\u092a\u0918\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u092e\u0943\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0942&#8221; \u0915\u093f\u0902\u0935\u093e &#8220;\u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f\u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930&#8221; \u092e\u094d\u0939\u0923\u0942\u0928 \u0928\u094b\u0902\u0926\u0935\u0932\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0924. <strong>\u0939\u0947 \u0905\u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0943\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0942 \u0906\u0939\u0947\u0924.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V. \u0917\u0947\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e \u096b\u0966 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u092f \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0932\u0947 \u2014 \u0906\u0923\u093f \u092a\u0941\u0922\u091a\u0947 \u096b\u0966 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0947<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u092e\u093e\u0917\u0947 \u092c\u0918\u0924\u093e\u0928\u093e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">FAO-WMO \u0905\u0939\u0935\u093e\u0932 \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0917\u0924\u094b: \u0917\u0947\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e \u096b\u0966 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0947\u091a\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0902\u091a\u0940 <strong>\u0935\u093e\u0930\u0902\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u093e, \u0924\u0940\u0935\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0906\u0923\u093f \u0915\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0935\u0927\u0940 \u2014 \u0924\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u0947\u0917\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0922\u0932\u0947.<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u093e\u091a\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093e\u0924:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u0926\u0936\u0915<\/th><th>\u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0932\u093e\u091f\u093e\u0902\u091a\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u0935\u0938 (\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0930\u093e\u0938\u0930\u0940)<\/th><th>\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0921<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u0967\u096f\u096d\u0966-\u0967\u096f\u096e\u0966<\/td><td>~\u096b-\u0967\u0966 \u0926\u093f\u0935\u0938<\/td><td>baseline<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0967\u096f\u096f\u0966-\u0968\u0966\u0966\u0966<\/td><td>~\u0967\u0966-\u0967\u096b \u0926\u093f\u0935\u0938<\/td><td>\u0935\u093e\u0922<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0968\u0966\u0967\u0966-\u0968\u0966\u0968\u0966<\/td><td>~\u0967\u096b-\u0968\u096b \u0926\u093f\u0935\u0938<\/td><td>\u0924\u0940\u0935\u094d\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u0922<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0968\u0966\u0968\u0966-\u0968\u0966\u0968\u096c<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>~\u0968\u096b-\u0969\u096b+ \u0926\u093f\u0935\u0938<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0905\u092d\u0942\u0924\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u092a\u0941\u0922\u0947 \u092c\u0918\u0924\u093e\u0928\u093e \u2014 IPCC AR6 \u0905\u0902\u0926\u093e\u091c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">IPCC Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) \u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>+\u0967.\u096b\u00b0C scenario (Best case):<\/strong> \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u0906\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0932\u093e\u091f\u093e\u0902\u091a\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0930\u0902\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0969-\u096a \u092a\u091f \u0935\u093e\u0922. \u0915\u0943\u0937\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915\u0924\u093e \u096b-\u0967\u0966% \u0918\u091f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>+\u0968.\u0966\u00b0C scenario (Current trajectory):<\/strong> \u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0932\u093e\u091f\u093e \u096b-\u096d \u092a\u091f \u0935\u093e\u0922. \u0915\u0943\u0937\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0967\u0966-\u0968\u0966% \u0918\u091f. \u0915\u093e\u0939\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0936\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0905\u0936\u0915\u094d\u092f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>+\u0969.\u0966\u00b0C scenario (Worst case):<\/strong> \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u0906\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u0915\u094b\u0930\u0921\u0935\u093e\u0939\u0942 \u0936\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f. \u091c\u0932 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u091f. \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0938\u0902\u0915\u091f. \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0938\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e \u091c\u0917 +\u0967.\u0967\u00b0C \u0935\u0930 \u0906\u0939\u0947.<\/strong> \u092a\u0945\u0930\u093f\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u093e\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0947 +\u0967.\u096b\u00b0C \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f \u092f\u093e \u0926\u0936\u0915\u093e\u091a\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0905\u0916\u0947\u0930\u0940\u0938 \u0913\u0932\u093e\u0902\u0921\u0932\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0923\u094d\u092f\u093e\u091a\u0940 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e. \u092e\u094d\u0939\u0923\u091c\u0947 +\u0968.\u0966\u00b0C scenario \u0939\u0947 &#8220;if&#8221; \u0928\u093e\u0939\u0940 \u2014 &#8220;when&#8221; \u0906\u0939\u0947.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">VI. \u090f\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0928\u094b + \u091c\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0922 = Compound Crisis<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0939\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935\u093e\u091a\u093e \u0906\u0939\u0947 \u2014 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u090f\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0928\u094b \u0906\u0923\u093f \u091c\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0922 \u092f\u093e\u0902\u091a\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e \u0938\u092e\u091c\u0942\u0928 \u0918\u0947\u0923\u0947 \u0917\u0930\u091c\u0947\u091a\u0947.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u090f\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0928\u094b \u0939\u093e \u0928\u0948\u0938\u0930\u094d\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u0906\u0939\u0947<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u090f\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0928\u094b-\u0932\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0928\u093e \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930 (ENSO) \u0939\u0947 \u0928\u0948\u0938\u0930\u094d\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0939\u0947 \u2014 \u0939\u091c\u093e\u0930\u094b \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0902\u092a\u093e\u0938\u0942\u0928 \u091a\u093e\u0932\u0942. \u0926\u0930 \u0969-\u096d \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0902\u0928\u0940 \u090f\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0928\u094b \u092f\u0947\u0924\u094b, \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0942\u0928 \u0926\u092c\u0924\u094b, \u0915\u093e\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0902\u0928\u0940 \u0932\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0928\u093e \u092f\u0947\u0924\u094b, \u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0942\u0928 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0924\u094b. \u0939\u0947 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u091c\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0922 \u0939\u0947 base level \u0909\u091a\u0932\u0924\u0947\u092f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u092a\u0923 \u091c\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0922\u0940\u092e\u0941\u0933\u0947 <strong>\u0939\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u0909\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0935\u0932\u0947\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0924\u0933\u0940\u0935\u0930 (elevated baseline) \u0918\u0921\u0924\u0947\u092f:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0967\u096f\u096e\u0968-\u096e\u0969 \u091a\u093e El Ni\u00f1o: SST anomaly +\u0968.\u0968\u00b0C \u2014 <strong>base global temp ~+\u0966.\u0968\u00b0C<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0967\u096f\u096f\u096d-\u096f\u096e \u091a\u093e Super El Ni\u00f1o: SST +\u0968.\u096a\u00b0C \u2014 <strong>base ~+\u0966.\u096b\u00b0C<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0968\u0966\u0967\u096b-\u0967\u096c \u091a\u093e Super El Ni\u00f1o: SST +\u0968.\u096c\u00b0C \u2014 <strong>base ~+\u0967.\u0966\u00b0C<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0968\u0966\u0968\u096c \u091a\u093e El Ni\u00f1o: SST +\u0967.\u096b-\u0968.\u096b\u00b0C (\u0905\u0902\u0926\u093e\u091c) \u2014 base ~+\u0967.\u09e8\u00b0C<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u092e\u094d\u0939\u0923\u091c\u0947:<\/strong> \u0968\u0966\u0968\u096c \u091a\u093e \u090f\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0928\u094b \u091c\u0930\u0940 SST anomaly \u0928\u0947 \u0967\u096f\u096f\u096d \u0907\u0924\u0915\u093e \u0924\u0940\u0935\u094d\u0930 \u0928\u0938\u0932\u093e, \u0924\u0930\u0940 <strong>absolute temperature<\/strong> \u2014 \u090f\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0928\u094b + global warming \u2014 \u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a\u093e\u0902\u0915 \u0917\u093e\u0920\u0942 \u0936\u0915\u0924\u0947.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0920\u0940 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">IMD \u091a\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u091c\u0940 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0915 \u0915\u0947.\u091c\u0947. \u0930\u092e\u0947\u0936 \u092f\u093e\u0902\u0928\u0940 \u0921\u093e\u0909\u0928 \u091f\u0942 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0932\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0917\u093f\u0924\u0932\u0947: &#8220;\u091c\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0922\u0940\u092e\u0941\u0933\u0947 \u0968\u0966\u0966\u0966 \u0938\u093e\u0932\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0938\u0942\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0942\u0928 \u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923\u0947\u0924 \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u092d\u0930 \u092a\u0921\u0924 \u0906\u0939\u0947.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u092f\u093e\u091a\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925: \u0938\u0930\u093e\u0938\u0930\u0940\u0916\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0932 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0942\u0928 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924 <strong>\u0938\u0917\u0933\u0940\u0915\u0921\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u0916\u093e \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u090a\u0938 \u0928\u093e\u0939\u0940<\/strong> \u2014 \u0924\u0930:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918 \u0915\u094b\u0930\u0921\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0935\u0927\u0940 (dry spells) \u2014 \u092a\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0928\u093e \u092b\u091f\u0915\u093e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0947\u091a \u0924\u0940\u0935\u094d\u0930, \u0905\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u092a\u093e\u0935\u0938\u093e\u091a\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u0947 (cloud bursts) \u2014 \u092a\u0942\u0930, \u092e\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0939\u0942\u0928 \u091c\u093e\u0923\u0947<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0905\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u2014 \u0915\u093e\u0939\u0940 \u0920\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0923\u0940 \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0935\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u0940, \u0936\u0947\u091c\u093e\u0930\u091a\u094d\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0939\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0926\u0941\u0937\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0933<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0936\u0947\u0924\u0915\u0931\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0920\u0940 \u0939\u0947 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0924 \u0935\u093e\u0908\u091f:<\/strong> \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0947\u0938\u093e \u092a\u093e\u090a\u0938 \u0928\u093e\u0939\u0940 + \u0905\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u092a\u0942\u0930 = \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u091c\u0942\u0902\u0928\u0940 \u0928\u0941\u0915\u0938\u093e\u0928.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">VII. \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0924\u0940\u0932 \u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0924\u093e \u2014 \u0906\u0915\u0921\u0947<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u092e\u0947 \u0968\u0966\u0968\u096c \u2014 \u0924\u093e\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u0940<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u092e\u0947 \u0968\u0966\u0968\u096c \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0924\u0940\u0932 \u0905\u0928\u0947\u0915 \u091c\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0939\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u096a\u096a-\u096a\u096c\u00b0C \u0928\u094b\u0902\u0926\u0935\u0932\u0947 \u0917\u0947\u0932\u0947. \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093e\u0924 (\u0905\u0915\u094b\u0932\u093e, \u0905\u092e\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0924\u0940, \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092a\u0942\u0930) \u096a\u096c\u00b0C+. \u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0935\u093e\u0921\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 (\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0926\u0947\u0921, \u092a\u0930\u092d\u0923\u0940) \u096a\u096a-\u096a\u096b\u00b0C. \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0924 (\u091c\u0933\u0917\u093e\u0935) \u096a\u096b\u00b0C+.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0936\u0947\u0924\u0940\u0935\u0930 \u0924\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0933 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u093e\u0933\u0940 \u092a\u093f\u0915\u0947 (\u092d\u093e\u091c\u0940\u092a\u093e\u0932\u093e, \u092b\u0933\u0947) \u2014 \u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0947\u092e\u0941\u0933\u0947 \u0917\u0933<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092a\u0936\u0941\u0927\u0928 \u2014 \u0926\u0942\u0927 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0967\u0966-\u0967\u096b% \u0918\u091f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0936\u0947\u0924\u092e\u091c\u0942\u0930 \u2014 \u0915\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091a\u0947 \u0924\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u092e\u0940, \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0918\u091f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u091c\u092e\u093f\u0928\u0940\u0924\u0940\u0932 \u0913\u0932\u093e\u0935\u093e \u2014 \u092c\u093e\u0937\u094d\u092a\u0940\u092d\u0935\u0928\u093e\u092e\u0941\u0933\u0947 \u091c\u0932\u0926 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0924\u094b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092d\u0942\u091c\u0932 \u092a\u093e\u0924\u0933\u0940 \u2014 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u093e\u0933\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0906\u0923\u0916\u0940 \u0916\u094b\u0932\u0935\u0930 \u0917\u0947\u0932\u0940<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0916\u0930\u0940\u092a \u0939\u0902\u0917\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0935\u0930 indirect \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u091c\u0942\u0928-\u091c\u0941\u0932\u0948\u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0947 \u092a\u0947\u0930\u0923\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u2014 \u092a\u0923 <strong>\u092e\u0947 \u092e\u0927\u0940\u0932 \u0905\u0924\u093f-\u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0947\u092e\u0941\u0933\u0947 \u091c\u092e\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u094b\u0930\u0921\u0940, \u092d\u0947\u0917\u093e\u0933\u0932\u0947\u0932\u0940.<\/strong> \u092a\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e \u092a\u093e\u090a\u0938 \u091c\u092e\u093f\u0928\u0940\u0924 \u092e\u0941\u0930\u0924 \u0928\u093e\u0939\u0940 \u2014 \u0935\u093e\u0939\u0942\u0928 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u094b. \u091c\u092e\u093f\u0928\u0940\u0924\u0940\u0932 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0923\u0942 (soil microbiome) \u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u091d\u093e\u0932\u0947\u0932\u0947 \u2014 \u0916\u0924\u093e\u0902\u091a\u093e efficiency \u0918\u091f\u0924\u094b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">VIII. &#8220;Slow Violence&#8221; \u2014 \u0939\u0933\u0942 \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0938\u093e<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0905\u092d\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938\u0915 Rob Nixon \u092f\u093e\u0902\u0928\u0940 &#8220;Slow Violence&#8221; \u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0928\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0921\u0932\u0940 \u2014 \u091c\u0940 \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0938\u093e \u0939\u0933\u0942\u0939\u0933\u0942, \u0905\u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f\u092a\u0923\u0947, \u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0933\u093e\u0924 \u0918\u0921\u0924\u0947. \u092c\u0949\u092e\u094d\u092c \u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u091f\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0930\u0916\u0940 \u0926\u093f\u0938\u0924 \u0928\u093e\u0939\u0940 \u2014 \u092a\u0923 \u0924\u093f\u0924\u0915\u0940\u091a \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0936\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u091c\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0922\u0940\u091a\u093e \u0936\u0947\u0924\u0940\u0935\u0930\u0940\u0932 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e \u0939\u0940 &#8220;slow violence&#8221; \u0906\u0939\u0947:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0926\u0930\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u093e\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0966.\u0966\u0968\u00b0C \u0935\u093e\u0922\u0924\u0947 \u2014 \u0915\u094b\u0923\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0939\u0940 \u0926\u093f\u0938\u0924 \u0928\u093e\u0939\u0940<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0926\u0930\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0940 \u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0932\u093e\u091f\u0947\u091a\u0947 \u0969-\u096a \u0926\u093f\u0935\u0938 \u091c\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924 \u2014 headline \u0939\u094b\u0924 \u0928\u093e\u0939\u0940<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0926\u0930\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0942\u0928\u091a\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0925\u094b\u0921\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u2014 \u0906\u0915\u0921\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0924 \u0926\u093f\u0938\u0924\u0947, \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u092e\u0940<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0926\u0930\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u091c\u0932 \u092a\u093e\u0924\u0933\u0940 \u0925\u094b\u0921\u0940 \u0916\u094b\u0932\u0935\u0930 \u2014 \u0935\u093f\u0939\u0940\u0930 \u0905\u091c\u0942\u0928 \u091a\u093e\u0932\u0924\u0947, \u092a\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0940 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0947?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0926\u0930\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0940 \u091c\u092e\u093f\u0928\u0940\u0924\u0940\u0932 carbon content \u0925\u094b\u0921\u093e \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u2014 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0925\u094b\u0921\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u092a\u0940\u0915<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0926\u0930 \u0926\u0936\u0915\u093e\u091a\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0905\u0916\u0947\u0930\u0940\u0938:<\/strong> \u0917\u0947\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0926\u0936\u0915\u093e\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u092b\u0930\u0915 \u0926\u093f\u0938\u0924\u094b. \u0917\u0947\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0926\u0936\u0915\u093e\u0902\u091a\u093e cumulative \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e \u2014 \u0906\u091c \u0926\u093f\u0938\u0924\u094b\u092f. \u092a\u0941\u0922\u091a\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0926\u0936\u0915\u093e\u0902\u091a\u093e? \u2014 FAO-WMO \u0905\u0939\u0935\u093e\u0932 \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0917\u0924\u094b \u2014 \u092d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0939.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u090f\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0928\u094b \u0939\u0940 acute crisis \u0906\u0939\u0947 \u2014 \u090f\u0915\u093e \u0939\u0902\u0917\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091a\u0940. \u091c\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0922 \u0939\u0940 chronic crisis \u0906\u0939\u0947 \u2014 \u092a\u093f\u0922\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u092a\u093f\u0922\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u091a\u0940.<\/strong> \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0940 \u090f\u0915\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0906\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0924\u0947\u0935\u094d\u0939\u093e \u2014 \u091c\u0938\u0947 \u0916\u0930\u0940\u092a \u0968\u0966\u0968\u096c \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0947 \u2014 acute + chronic = catastrophic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">IX. \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0936\u0947\u0924\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u092d\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092f \u2014 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">FAO-WMO \u0905\u0939\u0935\u093e\u0932 \u0906\u0923\u093f IPCC AR6 \u092f\u093e\u0902\u091a\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0936\u0947\u0924\u0940\u0938\u092e\u094b\u0930 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0906\u0939\u0947\u0924:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0905: &#8220;\u091c\u0938\u0947 \u091a\u093e\u0932\u0942 \u0906\u0939\u0947 \u0924\u0938\u0947 \u091a\u093e\u0932\u0942 \u0920\u0947\u0935\u093e&#8221; (Business as Usual)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0938\u093f\u0902\u091a\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u2014 \u0938\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u091a\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0917\u0924\u0940\u0928\u0947 (\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0932\u093e ~\u0967% \u0935\u093e\u0922) \u2192 \u096b\u096c% \u2192 \u096c\u0966% \u2192 \u096c\u096b% \u2014 \u0969\u0966 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0947 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924\u0940\u0932<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0916\u0924 \u2014 \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0916\u0924\u093e\u0902\u0935\u0930 \u0905\u0935\u0932\u0902\u092c\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u093e\u092f\u092e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0935\u093e\u0923 \u2014 \u0938\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u091a\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0923 \u091c\u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0939\u0947\u0924 \u0924\u0938\u0947<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0923\u0940 \u2014 \u092a\u093e\u0935\u0938\u093e\u0935\u0930 \u0905\u0935\u0932\u0902\u092c\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u096a\u096a% \u0915\u093e\u092f\u092e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e:<\/strong> \u0926\u0930 \u090f\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0928\u094b\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u091f. \u0926\u0930 \u0926\u0936\u0915\u093e\u0924 \u0924\u0940\u0935\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0922\u0924 \u091c\u093e\u0908\u0932. \u0968\u0966\u096a\u0966-\u096b\u0966 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u0915\u094b\u0930\u0921\u0935\u093e\u0939\u0942 \u0936\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0947\u0915 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0905\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f. \u0936\u0947\u0924\u0915\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930. \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u094b\u0938\u0933\u0924\u0947.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u092c: &#8220;Mission Mode Adaptation&#8221; (\u0924\u093e\u0924\u0921\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932\u0928)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0938\u093f\u0902\u091a\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0940:<\/strong> \u0938\u0942\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092e \u0938\u093f\u0902\u091a\u0928 (\u0921\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092a + \u0938\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0915\u0932\u0930) \u2014 \u096b \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u096c\u0968 \u0926\u0936\u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0939\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0930\u092a\u0948\u0915\u0940 \u0969\u0966 \u0926\u0936\u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0939\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0930 cover. \u0936\u0947\u0924\u0924\u0933\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0936\u0947\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930. PM-KUSUM \u0938\u094c\u0930\u092a\u0902\u092a \u2014 \u096b \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u096b\u0966 \u0932\u093e\u0916 \u092a\u0902\u092a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0935\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0940:<\/strong> \u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0924\u093e-\u0938\u0939\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 + \u0926\u0941\u0937\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0933-\u0938\u0939\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0935\u093e\u0923 \u2014 ICRISAT, ICAR, \u0915\u0943\u0937\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0940\u0920\u0947 \u092f\u093e\u0902\u091a\u0947 accelerated breeding programs<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u0947\u0924\u0940:<\/strong> \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0921\u0942\u0933\u0916\u0924, \u0930\u093e\u092f\u091d\u094b\u092c\u093f\u092f\u092e, PSB \u2014 \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0916\u0924\u093e\u0902\u0935\u0930\u0940\u0932 \u0905\u0935\u0932\u0902\u092c\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u096b \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0969\u0966% \u0915\u092e\u0940<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Parametric insurance:<\/strong> PMFBY settlement \u2014 IMD data \u0935\u0930 automatic. \u092e\u094b\u092c\u093e\u0908\u0932-based. Malawi\/Kenya \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0947\u0932<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0939\u0935\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u0940:<\/strong> block-level advisory \u2014 \u0936\u0947\u0924\u0915\u0931\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u091a\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092e\u094b\u092c\u093e\u0908\u0932\u0935\u0930, \u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u091a\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0937\u0947\u0924, real-time<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e:<\/strong> \u090f\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0928\u094b\u091a\u093e \u092b\u091f\u0915\u093e \u096b\u0966% \u0915\u092e\u0940. \u0936\u0947\u0924\u0915\u0930\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930. \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u091f\u093f\u0915\u0924\u0947. \u092a\u0923 <strong>\u0916\u0930\u094d\u091a \u092e\u094b\u0920\u093e \u2014 \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u20b9\u096b\u0966,\u0966\u0966\u0966-\u0967,\u0966\u0966,\u0966\u0966\u0966 \u0915\u0930\u094b\u0921.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0915: &#8220;Transformative Change&#8221; (\u092e\u0942\u0932\u092d\u0942\u0924 \u092c\u0926\u0932)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u092c \u092e\u0927\u0940\u0932 \u0938\u0917\u0933\u0947 +<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092a\u0940\u0915 \u092a\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0924\u0940\u0924 \u092c\u0926\u0932:<\/strong> \u0915\u094b\u0930\u0921\u0935\u093e\u0939\u0942 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u093e\u0924 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0947\u091f\u094d\u0938 (\u092c\u093e\u091c\u0930\u0940, \u091c\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u0940, \u0928\u093e\u091a\u0923\u0940) \u2014 &#8220;\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0905\u0928\u094d\u0928&#8221; \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u2014 \u0932\u093e MSP, procurement, processing infrastructure<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u0928:<\/strong> \u0936\u0947\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0935\u0930 processing \u2014 \u0938\u094b\u092f\u093e\u092c\u0940\u0928 \u2192 \u0924\u0947\u0932 + meal; \u0915\u093e\u092a\u0942\u0938 \u2192 yarn; \u0924\u0942\u0930 \u2192 \u0921\u093e\u0933 \u2014 \u0936\u0947\u0924\u0915\u0931\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u093e\u091a processing \u091a\u093e \u092b\u093e\u092f\u0926\u093e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0915\u0943\u0937\u0940-\u0935\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 (Agroforestry):<\/strong> \u0936\u0947\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930 \u091d\u093e\u0921\u0947 \u2014 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0969-\u096b\u00b0C \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e\u0924, \u0913\u0932\u093e\u0935\u093e \u091f\u093f\u0915\u0935\u0924\u093e\u0924, carbon sequestration<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u091c\u0932\u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923:<\/strong> watershed approach \u2014 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u2192 \u0928\u093e\u0932\u093e \u2192 \u0936\u0947\u0924 \u2014 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0938\u093e\u0916\u0933\u0940<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e:<\/strong> \u0936\u0947\u0924\u0940\u0924 \u0938\u094c\u0930\u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u2014 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u091a\u0928, \u0915\u094b\u0932\u094d\u0921 \u0938\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0930\u0947\u091c, \u0921\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0902\u0917, processing<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e:<\/strong> \u0936\u0947\u0924\u0915\u0930\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0926\u0941\u092a\u094d\u092a\u091f (\u0916\u0930\u094b\u0916\u0930, \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0933 \u0918\u094b\u0937\u0923\u093e \u0928\u093e\u0939\u0940). \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927. \u0939\u0935\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092c\u0926\u0932\u093e\u0936\u0940 \u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932\u0928. <strong>\u092a\u0923 \u092f\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0920\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0907\u091a\u094d\u091b\u093e\u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u0940, \u092c\u091c\u0947\u091f, \u0906\u0923\u093f \u0967\u096b-\u0968\u0966 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0902\u091a\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0935\u0927\u0940 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924\u094b.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">X. \u0916\u0930\u0940\u092a \u0968\u0966\u0968\u096c \u2014 \u0924\u093e\u0924\u0921\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u092f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935\u093e\u091a\u0947 \u2014 \u092a\u0923 \u0906\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e, \u091c\u0942\u0928 \u0968\u0966\u0968\u096c \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940, \u0924\u093e\u0924\u0921\u0940\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u092f \u0936\u0915\u094d\u092f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0967. \u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0932\u094d\u0932\u093e (Heat Advisory):<\/strong> \u0936\u0947\u0924\u0915\u0931\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0928\u093e \u2014 \u092a\u0947\u0930\u0923\u0940 \u0938\u0915\u093e\u0933\u0940\/\u0938\u0902\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0915\u093e\u0933\u0940 \u0915\u0930\u093e. \u0926\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0967\u0968-\u096a \u0915\u093e\u092e \u091f\u093e\u0933\u093e. \u092e\u091c\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0928\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0935\u0932\u0940, \u092a\u093e\u0923\u0940, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0940.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0968. Mulching:<\/strong> \u092a\u0947\u0930\u0923\u0940\u0928\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0917\u0935\u0924\u093e\u091a\u0947 \u0906\u091a\u094d\u091b\u093e\u0926\u0928 (mulch) \u2014 \u091c\u092e\u093f\u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0969-\u096b\u00b0C \u0915\u092e\u0940, \u0913\u0932\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0969\u0966-\u096a\u0966% \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u091f\u093f\u0915\u0924\u094b. \u0916\u0924 + \u092a\u093e\u0923\u0940 \u092c\u091a\u0924.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0969. \u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0924\u093e-\u0938\u0939\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0935\u093e\u0923:<\/strong> \u0938\u094b\u092f\u093e\u092c\u0940\u0928 \u2014 JS 9560, MACS 1407. \u0915\u093e\u092a\u0942\u0938 \u2014 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093e\u0923. \u092c\u093e\u091c\u0930\u0940, \u091c\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u2014 hybrid drought + heat tolerant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u096a. \u0938\u093f\u0902\u091a\u0928\u093e\u091a\u0947 micro-management:<\/strong> \u091c\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0923\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 \u0906\u0939\u0947 \u0924\u0947 \u0920\u093f\u092c\u0915\/\u0924\u0941\u0937\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u2014 \u092c\u093e\u0937\u094d\u092a\u0940\u092d\u0935\u0928 \u096b\u0966% \u0915\u092e\u0940.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u096b. \u0936\u0947\u0924\u0924\u0933\u0947 \u2014 \u092a\u093e\u0935\u0938\u093e\u091a\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0923\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0920\u0935\u093e:<\/strong> \u091c\u0942\u0928-\u091c\u0941\u0932\u0948\u0924 \u092a\u093e\u090a\u0938 \u0906\u0932\u093e \u0924\u0930 \u0911\u0917\u0938\u094d\u091f-\u0938\u092a\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0902\u092c\u0930\u091a\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b\u0930\u0921\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0916\u0902\u0921\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0920\u0940 (dry spell) \u092a\u093e\u0923\u0940 \u091c\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0930\u093e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">XI. \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u2014 \u0905\u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0936\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0942\u0932\u093e \u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0923\u0947<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u090f\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0928\u094b \u0926\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0902\u0928\u0940 \u092f\u0947\u0924\u094b-\u091c\u093e\u0924\u094b. \u0907\u0930\u093e\u0923 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0947\u0932. \u091f\u094d\u0930\u092e\u094d\u092a \u091c\u0915\u093e\u0924 \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0942 \u0936\u0915\u0924\u0947. \u0938\u093f\u092c\u093f\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0924\u093e \u092f\u0947\u0924\u093e\u0924.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u092a\u0923 \u091c\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0922 \u2014 \u0924\u0940 \u092b\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u093e\u0922\u0924\u0947\u092f.<\/strong> \u0926\u0930\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0940. \u0926\u0930 \u0926\u0936\u0915\u093e\u0924. \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u090f\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0928\u094b \u092e\u093e\u0917\u0940\u0932\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0936\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u2014 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 baseline \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0909\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0935\u0924 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947\u092f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">FAO-WMO \u0905\u0939\u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0939\u0947 \u091c\u0917\u093e\u0938\u092e\u094b\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0921\u0932\u0947. JAMSTEC SINTEX-F \u0928\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0920\u0940 &#8220;hotter + drier&#8221; \u091a\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0926\u093e\u091c \u0926\u093f\u0932\u093e. IPCC \u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0941\u0922\u091a\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0926\u0936\u0915\u093e\u0902\u091a\u0947 \u092d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0939 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0930\u0902\u0917\u0935\u0932\u0947.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u0905\u0938\u093e \u0928\u093e\u0939\u0940: \u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0924\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0922\u0947\u0932 \u0915\u093e?<\/strong> \u0924\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0922\u0924\u0947\u092f \u2014 \u0939\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0906\u0939\u0947.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u0905\u0938\u093e \u0906\u0939\u0947: \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0924\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0906\u0939\u0947 \u0915\u093e?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u096c\u0968 \u0926\u0936\u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0939\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0930 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0936\u093f\u0935\u093e\u092f. \u096e\u096c% \u0936\u0947\u0924\u0915\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u0932\u094d\u092a \u092d\u0942\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0915. SSP \u096c\u096e%. \u0938\u093f\u092c\u093f\u0932 \u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930. RAINMUMBAI \u20b9\u0967\u0966,\u0966\u0966\u0966.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0906\u0939\u0947: \u0928\u093e\u0939\u0940.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0924\u092f\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0930\u093e\u092f\u091a\u0940 \u0905\u0938\u0947\u0932 \u0924\u0930 \u2014 \u0915\u0930\u094d\u091c \u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e, \u0916\u0924 \u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e, \u092a\u093e\u0923\u0940 \u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e, \u0935\u093f\u092e\u093e \u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e, \u092e\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u0940 \u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e. futures \u0928\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u2014 present \u0906\u0927\u0940.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u092a\u0941\u0922\u0940\u0932 \u092d\u093e\u0917 (\u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e):<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u096b \u2014 The People&#8217;s Manifesto: \u0936\u0947\u0924\u0915\u0931\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u091a\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0939\u0940\u0930\u0928\u093e\u092e\u093e \u2014 \u096d \u092e\u093e\u0917\u0923\u094d\u092f\u093e, \u096d deadline, \u096d \u091c\u092c\u093e\u092c\u0926\u093e\u0930<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924: FAO-WMO &#8220;Extreme Heat and Agriculture,&#8221; \u0968\u0968 \u090f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0932 \u0968\u0966\u0968\u096c; IPCC Sixth Assessment Report (AR6); JAMSTEC SINTEX-F, \u0967 \u090f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0932 \u0968\u0966\u0968\u096c; IMD LRF, \u0967\u0969 \u090f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0932 \u0968\u0966\u0968\u096c; Agricultural Statistics at a Glance 2024-25, GoI; Down To Earth \u2014 K.J. Ramesh interview; Rob Nixon, &#8220;Slow Violence and the Environmentalism of the Poor,&#8221; Harvard University Press; ICRISAT \u2014 crop heat stress research; \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0916\u0930\u0940\u092a \u0939\u0902\u0917\u093e\u092e \u0924\u092f\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915 \u0968\u0966\u0968\u096c, \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928; \u0915\u0943\u0937\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935 &#8220;\u0924\u093f\u0939\u0947\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u091f&#8221; \u092e\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e, \u0967 \u090f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0932 \u0968\u0966\u0968\u096c.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0935\u093f\u091c\u092f \u0917\u093e\u092f\u0915\u0935\u093e\u0921<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u092d\u093e\u0917 \u096a: The Global Heat Hammer \u2014 \u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0947\u091a\u093e \u0905\u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0936\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0942 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0936\u094b\u0927\u092e\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e | \u0915\u0943\u0937\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u00d7 TheNews21 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u092f \u0917\u093e\u092f\u0915\u0935\u093e\u0921 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e &hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1351,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16,24,12],"tags":[2678,389,2698,1819,455,2697,2703,572,2702,2700,2656,2699,2694,2701,2659,2234,2692,2695,920,2693,2704,1386,2665,2696,315,2113,1434,100,2657],"class_list":["post-1350","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-agri-business","category-agri-enterprise","category-agriculture","tag-agrarian-distress","tag-agricultural-crisis","tag-agricultural-productivity","tag-climate-adaptation","tag-climate-change","tag-climate-emergency","tag-climate-policy","tag-climate-resilience","tag-climate-risk","tag-crop-loss","tag-drought","tag-environmental-crisis","tag-extreme-heat","tag-farm-sustainability","tag-farmers-crisis","tag-food-security","tag-global-heat-hammer","tag-global-warming","tag-heat-stress","tag-heatwave","tag-heatwave-impact","tag-maharashtra-agriculture","tag-maharashtra-development","tag-rising-temperatures","tag-rural-economy","tag-rural-maharashtra","tag-sustainable-agriculture","tag-vijay-gaikwad","tag-water-scarcity"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/krishiparva.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1350","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/krishiparva.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/krishiparva.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/krishiparva.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/krishiparva.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1350"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/krishiparva.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1350\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1352,"href":"https:\/\/krishiparva.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1350\/revisions\/1352"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/krishiparva.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1351"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/krishiparva.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1350"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/krishiparva.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1350"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/krishiparva.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1350"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}